What kind of sample is analyzed for blood gases, such as pH and CO2 levels?

The analysis of blood gases, including parameters like pH and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, is primarily performed using arterial blood samples. This is because arterial blood reflects the circulatory status of the body and provides crucial information about the respiratory function and acid-base balance.

Arterial blood is rich in oxygen, and measurements taken from this type of sample accurately represent the gas exchange that occurs in the lungs. The pH and CO2 levels obtained from arterial blood allow healthcare providers to assess respiratory function and potentially diagnose conditions such as respiratory acidosis or alkalosis, and other metabolic disorders. This is particularly important in emergencies or critical care situations where precise information about a patient’s oxygenation and ventilation is required.

In contrast, while venous blood and capillary blood can provide some information about overall acid-base status, they do not give as accurate a representation of arterial blood gases. Bone marrow samples, on the other hand, are unrelated to gas exchange and are typically used to evaluate hematological conditions and cellular composition in the bone marrow, making them unsuitable for this type of analysis.